G10, short for “Group of Ten,” is a group of eleven industrialized nations that meet to consult on international monetary and financial matters. The G10 includes eleven countries: Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Despite the name, the G10 actually consists of 11 member countries. The group provides a forum for discussion and cooperation on economic and financial issues, and its meetings often have significant implications for global financial markets and policies.
The Group of 15 (G15) is a forum of developing countries established to foster cooperation and provide input on international economic issues. It was established in 1989 and consists of countries from Latin America, Africa, and Asia. The G15 aims to promote economic growth, enhance trade relations, and address common development concerns among its member nations.
The Group of Twenty (G20) is an international forum for the governments and central bank governors from 19 countries and the European Union. It was established to bring together major advanced and emerging economies to discuss and coordinate policy related to international financial stability. G20 meetings are influential in shaping global economic and financial policies, and their decisions often have significant impacts on financial markets worldwide.
In financial markets, G5 refers to a group of five major industrialized nations, which includes the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France. These countries are significant players in the global economy and financial markets. The G5 nations often coordinate on economic and financial policies and their actions can have a substantial impact on currency exchange rates, interest rates, and other financial market dynamics.
In financial markets, G7 refers to a group of seven major advanced economies, which includes Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. These countries are significant players in the global economy and financial markets. The G7 nations often coordinate on economic and financial policies, and their actions can have a substantial impact on currency exchange rates, interest rates, and other financial market dynamics.
The Group of 77 (G77) is a coalition of developing nations in the United Nations. It was established to promote economic cooperation and collectively negotiate better terms in international trade. While the G77 is not specifically related to financial markets, its member countries often work together to address economic and financial issues that affect their development and stability. The G77 plays a role in advocating for the interests of developing countries in global economic and financial discussions.
The G8, or Group of Eight, was an international forum of major advanced economies that included Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The group focused on discussing and coordinating economic and financial policies, and its decisions often had significant impacts on financial markets worldwide. However, in 2014, the G8 was effectively replaced by the G7 following Russia’s suspension from the group due to its annexation of Crimea.
Gain in value refers to an increase in the worth or value of an asset over time. It is typically measured by comparing the current value of the asset to its initial or previous value. This increase in value can occur in various types of assets such as stocks, real estate, or other investments. Gains in value can result from factors such as market appreciation, improvements to the asset, or other external influences.
The Gambia Dalasi (GMD) is the official currency of The Gambia, a country in West Africa. It is abbreviated as “D” and is further subdivided into 100 bututs. The Gambia Dalasi is issued and regulated by the Central Bank of The Gambia and is used for everyday transactions, as well as for international trade and commerce within the country.
Gann is a technical analysis tool used in financial markets, particularly in the study of stock price movements. It is based on the theories and methods developed by W.D. Gann, a prominent trader and analyst. Gann analysis involves using geometric angles, patterns, and mathematical relationships to forecast potential support and resistance levels, as well as to identify potential price and time targets for market movements. Traders and analysts use Gann techniques to make trading decisions and predict future price movements.
A Gann Fan is a technical analysis tool used in financial markets to analyze and forecast price movements. It is based on the work of W.D. Gann, a prominent trader and analyst. The Gann Fan consists of a series of lines drawn at various angles to identify potential support and resistance levels, as well as to predict future price movements. The angles of the lines are based on mathematical relationships and are used to determine potential areas of price support and resistance. Traders and analysts use Gann Fans to make trading decisions and identify potential entry and exit points in the market.
A Gann Grid is a technical analysis tool used in financial markets to analyze and forecast price movements. It is based on the work of W.D. Gann, a prominent trader and analyst. The Gann Grid consists of a series of horizontal and vertical lines that form a grid pattern on a price chart. These lines are drawn at specific angles and intervals based on mathematical relationships to identify potential support and resistance levels, as well as to predict future price movements. Traders and analysts use Gann Grids to make trading decisions and identify potential entry and exit points in the market.
In financial markets, a gap refers to a break or “gap” in the price movement of a security or asset, where there is a noticeable difference between the closing price of one trading session and the opening price of the next. Gaps can occur in various directions: an upward gap (when the opening price is higher than the previous session’s high) or a downward gap (when the opening price is lower than the previous session’s low). Gaps are significant to technical analysts as they may indicate a shift in market sentiment or signal potential trading opportunities.
In the context of cryptocurrency, “gas” refers to the fee required to successfully conduct a transaction or execute a smart contract on the Ethereum blockchain. Gas is paid in Ether (ETH), the native cryptocurrency of the Ethereum network, and it serves as a measure of computational effort required to process and validate transactions. The gas fee is determined by the complexity of the transaction or smart contract, and it helps incentivize miners to include the transaction in a block. Users can adjust the gas fee to prioritize their transactions based on urgency and cost.
Gas limit refers to the maximum amount of gas that a user is willing to spend on a transaction or smart contract execution in the Ethereum network. It is essentially a safeguard to prevent potential infinite loops or excessive computational demands. The gas limit is set by the user when initiating a transaction, and it represents the maximum computational resources (measured in gas units) that the user is willing to allocate for the transaction to be processed. If the gas limit is too low, the transaction may fail or be reverted, while setting it too high can result in unnecessary fees. Therefore, users must carefully consider and set an appropriate gas limit based on the complexity of the transaction or smart contract.
Gas price refers to the amount of cryptocurrency (typically Ether in the context of Ethereum) that a user is willing to pay per unit of gas to execute a transaction or smart contract on the Ethereum network. It represents the cost of computational resources required to process the transaction. The gas price is set by the user and influences the priority of the transaction, as miners are incentivized to include transactions with higher gas prices in the blocks they mine. Setting an appropriate gas price is important to ensure timely execution of transactions without overpaying for computational resources.
The Gator Oscillator is a technical analysis tool used in financial markets to help identify trends and potential changes in asset prices. It is a histogram-based indicator that is used in conjunction with the Alligator Indicator, which was developed by trader and author Bill Williams. The Gator Oscillator is designed to help traders and analysts understand the degree of convergence or divergence between the balance lines of the Alligator Indicator, which can provide insights into the strength or weakness of a trend. By analyzing the Gator Oscillator, traders can gain a better understanding of market momentum and potential reversal points.
GBP/JPY is a currency pair in the foreign exchange market, where GBP represents the British pound and JPY represents the Japanese yen. It indicates the exchange rate between the British pound and the Japanese yen, showing how many Japanese yen are needed to purchase one British pound. This currency pair is actively traded in the forex market and is often used by traders and investors to speculate on the relative strength or weakness of the British pound compared to the Japanese yen.
GDP, or Gross Domestic Product, is a measure of the total economic output produced within a country’s borders over a specific period, usually annually or quarterly. It includes the value of all goods and services produced, and is used as an indicator of a country’s economic health and standard of living. GDP is a key metric for assessing the size and growth of an economy, and it is often used by policymakers, economists, and investors to make decisions and projections related to economic performance.
Gearing refers to the ratio of a company’s debt to its equity, often used to measure financial leverage. It indicates the extent to which a company is using borrowed funds to finance its operations and investments. A high gearing ratio suggests a higher level of financial risk, as the company has a larger portion of debt in its capital structure, while a low gearing ratio indicates a more conservative financial position with less reliance on debt. Gearing can impact a company’s profitability, risk, and financial stability.
The Genesis Block refers to the first block in a blockchain, serving as the foundation for the entire chain. It is usually hardcoded into the software of a cryptocurrency or blockchain network and is the starting point from which subsequent blocks are linked. The Genesis Block often contains unique data and is considered a critical component of the blockchain’s security and integrity.
The Georgia Lari (GEL) is the official currency of Georgia. It is abbreviated as “GEL” and is commonly used in the country for financial transactions. The lari is subdivided into 100 tetri. The currency is named after the medieval Georgian monarchical denomination. The GEL has been the official currency of Georgia since 1995, replacing the Georgian coupon.
The German Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) for Manufacturing is an economic indicator that measures the performance and health of the manufacturing sector in Germany. It is based on monthly surveys of purchasing managers in the manufacturing industry and provides insights into factors such as new orders, production levels, employment, and supplier deliveries. The PMI is a key indicator of economic health and is closely monitored by investors, policymakers, and analysts as it provides early signals of potential changes in economic activity.
GfK Consumer Confidence is a widely recognized economic indicator that measures the level of consumer confidence in the economy. It is based on surveys and assessments of consumer attitudes toward their personal finances, the general economic situation, and their willingness to make major purchases. The index provides valuable insights into consumer spending patterns, economic sentiment, and future economic trends, making it an important tool for businesses, policymakers, and analysts.
The Ghana Cedi (GHC) is the official currency of Ghana. It is abbreviated as “GHC” and is used for financial transactions within the country. The currency is further subdivided into smaller units, including pesewas. The Ghana Cedi has undergone several re-denominations and changes in its history, with the current version introduced in 2007. As with any currency, the Ghana Cedi’s value fluctuates based on various economic factors and market conditions.
The Gibraltar Pound (GIP) is the official currency of Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory. It is pegged at par value to the British Pound Sterling (GBP) and circulates alongside the British Pound within Gibraltar. The Gibraltar Pound is issued by the Government of Gibraltar and is used for everyday transactions in the territory. It is subdivided into 100 pence, similar to the British Pound. The notes and coins of the Gibraltar Pound are interchangeable with those of the British Pound within Gibraltar.
The Global Dairy Trade Price Index (GDT) is a leading indicator of global dairy prices, providing an insight into the international market for dairy products. It is a platform for trading dairy commodities, such as milk powder, butter, cheese, and other dairy ingredients. The GDT Price Index is calculated based on the results of the GDT auctions, which are held twice a month, and it is widely used by dairy farmers, processors, traders, and analysts to track the trends and fluctuations in global dairy prices.
Global macroeconomics is the study of the behavior and performance of an economy as a whole, encompassing multiple countries and regions. It examines factors such as inflation, unemployment, economic growth, trade balances, and monetary and fiscal policies on a global scale. Global macroeconomics analyzes the interconnectedness of different national economies and their impact on each other, as well as the broader trends and dynamics that influence the global economy. This field of study is important for understanding the complexities of the global economic system and for informing policy decisions at an international level.
Globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries and their economies, cultures, and societies. It involves the flow of goods, services, capital, technology, information, and people across national borders, leading to greater integration and interaction on a global scale. Globalization has been driven by advancements in communication, transportation, and technology, and it has significant impacts on trade, investment, cultural exchange, and the spread of ideas and values. It has both positive and negative effects, influencing economic growth, development, inequality, and cultural diversity.
Gross National Product (GNP) is a measure of the total economic output produced by the residents of a country, including both domestic and foreign production. It includes the value of goods and services produced by a country’s citizens and businesses, regardless of their location, and excludes the value of production by foreign entities within the country’s borders. GNP is used to gauge the economic performance and productivity of a country and is a key indicator in assessing its overall economic strength.
In financial terms, “going long” refers to the act of purchasing an asset with the expectation that its value will increase over time. This strategy involves buying a security, such as stocks or commodities, with the intention of selling it at a higher price in the future to make a profit. Going long is a common investment approach used by individuals and institutional investors to capitalize on potential price appreciation in the market.
In financial markets, gold is a precious metal that serves as a popular investment and a hedge against inflation and economic uncertainty. It is traded as a commodity and is also considered a safe-haven asset. Gold prices are influenced by various factors, including supply and demand dynamics, geopolitical events, currency fluctuations, and interest rates. Additionally, gold is used in jewelry, technology, and industrial applications, further impacting its value in financial markets.
The Gold Standard System is a monetary system where a country’s currency or paper money has a value directly linked to gold. Under this system, the government or central bank is committed to redeeming its currency for a specific amount of gold. The Gold Standard was used as a basis for monetary systems globally until the mid-20th century. It provided stability and limited the ability of governments to print excessive amounts of money, but it also had limitations and was eventually replaced by fiat currency systems.
A Good ’til Canceled (GTC) order is a type of stock or securities order that remains in effect until it is executed or canceled by the investor. Unlike day orders, which expire at the end of the trading day if not filled, GTC orders can remain active for an extended period, typically 60 to 90 days, or even longer, depending on the broker’s policies. This type of order allows investors to set a specific price at which they are willing to buy or sell a security and keep the order active until it is filled or manually canceled.
Good Till Canceled (GTC) is a type of order used in financial markets that remains in effect until it is executed or canceled by the investor. GTC orders do not expire at the end of the trading day and can remain active for an extended period, typically 60 to 90 days, or even longer, depending on the broker’s policies. This type of order allows investors to set a specific price at which they are willing to buy or sell a security and keep the order active until it is filled or manually canceled.
In the context of financial markets, Gopher typically refers to the Gopher protocol, which is a simple, text-based protocol used for distributing, searching, and retrieving documents over the internet. It is not directly related to financial markets, but it has historical significance in the development of internet technologies and may have been used for accessing financial information in the early days of online data distribution. However, in contemporary financial markets, more advanced and secure protocols and technologies are used for data dissemination and trading.
The Governing Council typically refers to the decision-making body of a central bank, such as the European Central Bank (ECB) or the Bank of Canada. It is responsible for setting monetary policy, including decisions on interest rates and other measures to control the money supply and stabilize the economy. The Governing Council may also have oversight of regulatory and supervisory functions related to the financial system. Its members are often appointed by government authorities and play a crucial role in shaping the economic and financial landscape of a country or region.
GPU mining refers to the process of using graphics processing units (GPUs) to perform the computations required for validating and adding new transactions to a blockchain, such as those in cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin or Ethereum. This method of mining is popular due to the high computational power of GPUs, which allows for faster processing and the potential for earning rewards in the form of newly minted coins. However, GPU mining has become increasingly competitive and resource-intensive, requiring specialized hardware and significant electricity consumption.
In the field of technical analysis in financial markets, the term “Grand Supercycle” refers to a long-term cycle or trend that spans several decades or even centuries. This concept is often used in Elliott Wave Theory to describe the largest degree of market cycles, encompassing major economic and financial shifts over extended periods. The Grand Supercycle is considered to have a significant impact on market trends and is of interest to long-term investors and analysts.
A Gravestone Doji is a candlestick pattern in technical analysis that occurs when the open, close, and low prices are all the same or very close, creating a long upper shadow and little to no lower shadow. This pattern suggests a potential reversal in the market, with the long upper shadow indicating that buyers pushed prices higher during the session but were ultimately unable to maintain the upward momentum, leading to a potential shift in sentiment from bullish to bearish.
“Grexit” is a term used to describe the potential withdrawal or expulsion of Greece from the Eurozone, the economic and monetary union of European Union member states that have adopted the euro as their common currency. The term is a blend of “Greece” and “exit.” The possibility of a Grexit emerged during the European sovereign debt crisis, particularly in the early 2010s, when Greece faced severe financial challenges. The term gained widespread use as discussions and debates arose about the potential consequences and implications of Greece leaving the Eurozone. While a Grexit has not occurred, the term remains relevant in discussions about the stability of the Eurozone and the challenges faced by its member countries.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is a measure of the total economic output produced within a country’s borders over a specific period, typically a year or a quarter. It represents the market value of all goods and services produced within the country and is a key indicator of a nation’s economic health and growth. GDP is often used to compare the economic performance of different countries, track changes in economic activity, and inform policy decisions. It is calculated using several methods, including the production approach, income approach, and expenditure approach.
Gross National Product (GNP) is a measure of the total economic output produced by the residents of a country, both domestically and abroad, within a specific time period. It includes the value of goods and services produced by a country’s citizens and businesses, regardless of their location. GNP takes into account the income earned by citizens and companies from foreign investments and excludes the income earned by foreign residents within the country. GNP is used as an indicator of a country’s overall economic performance and is often compared with Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to assess the impact of international economic activities on a nation’s economy.
The Guatemalan Quetzal (GTQ) is the official currency of Guatemala. It is named after the national bird of Guatemala, the resplendent quetzal. The currency is abbreviated as GTQ and is often symbolized by the letter “Q.” The quetzal is subdivided into 100 centavos. The currency is used for all transactions within the country and is regulated by the Bank of Guatemala.
The Guernsey Pound (GGP) is the official currency of Guernsey, a British Crown dependency in the English Channel. It is abbreviated as GGP and is often symbolized by the letter “£.” The Guernsey Pound is not a separate currency from the British Pound Sterling (GBP) but is a local issue of banknotes and coins that are legal tender only within the Bailiwick of Guernsey. The currency is issued by the States of Guernsey, and the Guernsey Pound has parity with the British Pound Sterling and is freely interchangeable with it.
The Guinea Franc (GNF) is the official currency of Guinea, a country in West Africa. It is abbreviated as GNF and is often symbolized by the letters “FG” or “GFr.” The currency is issued by the Central Bank of the Republic of Guinea. The Guinea Franc is subdivided into smaller units called centimes. It is used for all transactions within the country and is regulated by the central bank.
In financial markets, “gunning” can refer to a trading strategy where market participants attempt to manipulate stock prices or other financial instruments by placing large buy or sell orders to create the appearance of increased market activity. This can be done to influence the market sentiment or to trigger stop-loss orders in order to benefit from subsequent price movements. Such activities can lead to short-term price volatility and may not reflect the true supply and demand dynamics of the market.
The Guyanese Dollar (GYD) is the official currency of Guyana, a country in South America. It is abbreviated as GYD and is often symbolized by the dollar sign “$” or “G$”. The currency is issued by the Bank of Guyana and is used for all transactions within the country. The Guyanese Dollar is subdivided into 100 cents. Its exchange rate fluctuates against other major currencies and is regulated by the central bank.
GWei, short for “giga-wei,” is a denomination of the cryptocurrency Ethereum. It represents one billion wei, which is the smallest unit of ether, the native cryptocurrency of the Ethereum network. GWei is commonly used to measure the cost of computational work or transaction fees on the Ethereum blockchain.
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